{"id":9919,"date":"2023-03-17T17:39:43","date_gmt":"2023-03-17T17:39:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/?p=9919"},"modified":"2023-03-17T17:39:43","modified_gmt":"2023-03-17T17:39:43","slug":"te-drejtat-e-pakicave-ne-serbi-korniza-ligjore-per-themelimin-e-asociacioneve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/?p=9919","title":{"rendered":"T\u00eb drejtat e pakicave n\u00eb Serbi: Korniza ligjore p\u00ebr themelimin e asociacioneve"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Autor:\nGuraku\u00e7 Ku\u00e7i*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Propozimi i\nBashkimit Evropian p\u00ebr normalizimin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrmjet Kosov\u00ebs dhe\nSerbis\u00eb, n\u00ebse n\u00ebnshkruhet m\u00eb 18 mars, do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb e mir\u00eb q\u00eb edhe\nshqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Serbi t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb asociacion t\u00eb komunave me shumic\u00eb shqiptare\napo versione t\u00eb ngjashme. N\u00eb nenin 5 t\u00eb draftit shkruhet se: ‘Asnj\u00ebra pal\u00eb nuk\ndo t\u00eb bllokoj\u00eb, as nuk do t\u00eb inkurajoj\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt t\u00eb bllokojn\u00eb, p\u00ebrparimin e\npal\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e tyre p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse drejt BE-s\u00eb, bazuar n\u00eb meritat e tyre.\nT\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt do t\u00eb respektojn\u00eb vlerat e p\u00ebrmendura n\u00eb nenet 2 dhe 21 t\u00eb\nTraktatit t\u00eb Bashkimit Evropian (TBE).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e\nrespektimit t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave n\u00eb Traktatin e BE-s\u00eb dhe Akti i\nHelsinkit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por \u00e7ka\nparashikohen si vlera n\u00eb nenet 2 dhe 21 t\u00eb TBE-s\u00eb? T\u00eb dy nenet p\u00ebrmendin\nr\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e respektimit t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave. Neni 2 i Traktatit p\u00ebr\nBashkimin Evropian p\u00ebrfshin \u201crespektimin e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut, duke\np\u00ebrfshir\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e personave q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkasin pakicave” si nj\u00eb nga vlerat\nmbi t\u00eb cilat \u00ebsht\u00eb themeluar BE-ja. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, n\u00eb nenin 21 t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb\nBashkimit Evropian thuhet se BE-ja do t\u00eb punoj\u00eb p\u00ebr \u201ckonsolidimin dhe\nmb\u00ebshtetjen e demokracis\u00eb, sundimit t\u00eb ligjit, t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut dhe\nparimeve t\u00eb s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare\u201d, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin respektimin e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb\npakicave. Pra, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 detyrimeve q\u00eb pal\u00ebt n\u00ebnshkruese si Kosova dhe Serbia\nmarrin p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e pakicave, BE-ja si mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebse e k\u00ebtij dialogu mbetet\ngjithashtu e detyruar t’i b\u00ebj\u00eb presion pal\u00ebve p\u00ebr zbatimin e marr\u00ebveshjes. Po\nashtu, BE-ja i detyron pal\u00ebt t\u00eb zbatohen me ligjet e saj q\u00eb n\u00eb procesin e\nplot\u00ebsimit t\u00eb kushteve p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim t\u00eb zbatojn\u00eb legjislacionin e BE-s\u00eb\n(acquis communautaire). Pika (c) e nenit 21 t\u00eb TBE-s\u00eb thot\u00eb: “t\u00eb ruaj\u00eb\npaqen, t\u00eb parandaloj\u00eb konfliktet dhe t\u00eb forcoj\u00eb sigurin\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb\np\u00ebrputhje me q\u00ebllimet dhe parimet e Kart\u00ebs s\u00eb Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara, me parimet\ne Aktit Final t\u00eb Helsinkit dhe me q\u00ebllimet e Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara, duke\ntrajtuar \u00e7\u00ebshtjet n\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebt e tyre, promovimin e qeverisjes s\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe\ntransparenc\u00ebs dhe sigurimin e munges\u00ebs s\u00eb mosnd\u00ebshkimit p\u00ebr autor\u00ebt e\ngjenocidit, krimeve kund\u00ebr njer\u00ebzimit dhe krimeve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs”. Artikulli\nnuk p\u00ebrmend n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb eksplicite t\u00eb drejtat e pakicave, por thekson r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e\nadresimit t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve n\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebt e tyre, promovimin e qeverisjes s\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe\ntransparenc\u00ebs dhe sigurimin e munges\u00ebs s\u00eb mosnd\u00ebshkimit p\u00ebr autor\u00ebt e\ngjenocidit, krimeve kund\u00ebr njer\u00ebzimit dhe krimeve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs. K\u00ebto parime mund\nt\u00eb zbatohen gjithashtu p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave, pasi promovimi\ni qeverisjes s\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe transparenc\u00ebs mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb parandalimin e\ndiskriminimit dhe persekutimit t\u00eb minoriteteve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00eb drejtat\nkushtetuese t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs shqiptare n\u00eb Serbi: Aft\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar asociacione\nme pushtete ekzekutive<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A e lejon\nKushtetuta e Serbis\u00eb krijimin e asociacioneve me kompetenca ekzekutive p\u00ebr\nminoritetet?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb\nSerbi jan\u00eb minoritet i njohur n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ligjore. Ligji p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00eb\ndrejtave dhe lirive t\u00eb minoriteteve komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb Serbi i njeh 19 minoritete\nkomb\u00ebtare duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe Shqiptar\u00ebt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kushtetuta e\nSerbis\u00eb parasheh krijimin e shoqatave dhe organizatave, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato t\u00eb\nformuara nga pakicat, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb kompetenca ekzekutive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neni 56 i\nKushtetut\u00ebs s\u00eb Serbis\u00eb thot\u00eb se qytetar\u00ebt kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb formojn\u00eb parti\npolitike, sindikata dhe shoqata t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00eb drejtave dhe\ninteresave t\u00eb tyre. Ai gjithashtu thekson se shoqatat dhe organizatat mund t\u00eb\nken\u00eb kompetenca ekzekutive dhe mund t’u jepet personalitet juridik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neni 79 i\nKushtetut\u00ebs parashikon mbrojtjen e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare, duke\np\u00ebrfshir\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr tu shprehur lirisht, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur dhe zhvilluar\nidentitetin e tyre, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur gjuh\u00ebn dhe shkrimin e tyre dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb\nkrijuar institucionet e tyre arsimore, kulturore dhe artistike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Megjithat\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb\ne r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb theksohet se krijimi i shoqatave me kompetenca ekzekutive mund\nt\u2019i n\u00ebnshtrohet k\u00ebrkesave dhe procedurave specifike q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndiqen sipas\nligjit serb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sipas Ligjit t\u00eb\nSerbis\u00eb p\u00ebr Shoqatat, shoqatat q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb marrin kompetenca ekzekutive\nduhet t\u00eb plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb disa kushte dhe t\u00eb ndjekin procedura specifike si\u00e7 jan\u00eb\nregjistrimi, statuti, an\u00ebtar\u00ebsia, qeverisja, dhe raportimi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Andaj, shqiptar\u00ebt\nn\u00eb Serbi kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb asociacion me kompetenca\nekzekutive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Instrumentet\nnd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe rajonale t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut q\u00eb mbrojn\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e\npakicave komb\u00ebtare dhe lirin\u00eb e asociimit n\u00eb Serbi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7\ndispozitave t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendura m\u00eb her\u00ebt, ka edhe instrumente t\u00eb tjera nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare\ndhe rajonale p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut t\u00eb cilat Serbia i ka ratifikuar, t\u00eb cilat\nparashikojn\u00eb mbrojtjen e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare dhe lirin\u00eb e\nasociimit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebr shembull,\nPakti Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat Civile dhe Politike (ICCPR), t\u00eb cilin Serbia\ne ka ratifikuar, njeh t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e individ\u00ebve p\u00ebr lirin\u00eb e asociimit, duke\np\u00ebrfshir\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar dhe bashkuar shoqata pa nd\u00ebrhyrje nga\nshteti. ICCPR parashikon gjithashtu t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e pakicave p\u00ebr t\u00eb g\u00ebzuar\nkultur\u00ebn e tyre, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur gjuh\u00ebn e tyre dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb praktikuar fen\u00eb e\ntyre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb\nngjashme, Konventa Korniz\u00eb e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs p\u00ebr Mbrojtjen e Pakicave\nKomb\u00ebtare, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Serbia e ka ratifikuar gjithashtu, thekson r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e\nrespektimit t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar shoqata dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb\nshprehur dhe promovuar identitetin, gjuh\u00ebn dhe kultur\u00ebn e tyre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb drit\u00ebn e\nk\u00ebtyre instrumenteve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe rajonale, si dhe dispozitave t\u00eb\nKushtetut\u00ebs s\u00eb Serbis\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Serbi kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb\nkrijojn\u00eb shoqata dhe organizata, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato me kompetenca ekzekutive.\nMegjithat\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb theksohet se \u00e7do shoqat\u00eb e krijuar nga\npopulli shqiptar apo ndonj\u00eb grup tjet\u00ebr pakic\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me\nligjin serb dhe t\u00eb respektoj\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e qytetar\u00ebve dhe grupeve t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj,\nqeveria serbe ka p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb\nminoritetet, t\u00eb mund t\u00eb g\u00ebzojn\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e tyre njer\u00ebzore dhe lirit\u00eb\nthemelore, dhe se \u00e7do diskriminim apo shkelje e k\u00ebtyre t\u00eb drejtave parandalohet\ndhe trajtohet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efektive. Prandaj, \u00e7do shoqat\u00eb apo organizat\u00eb e krijuar\nnga populli shqiptar apo ndonj\u00eb grup tjet\u00ebr pakic\u00eb duhet t\u00eb lejohet t\u00eb veproj\u00eb\nlirisht, pa nd\u00ebrhyrje nga shteti, p\u00ebrderisa vepron n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb ligjit serb dhe\nrespekton t\u00eb drejtat e t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7far\u00eb duhet b\u00ebr\u00eb\nn\u00ebse Serbia ua mohon pakicave t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar shoqata me pushtete\nekzekutive?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00ebse Serbia ua\nmohon t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn pakicave p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb shoqat\u00eb me kompetenca ekzekutive,\nminoritetet mund ta kund\u00ebrshtojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vendim n\u00eb gjykatat vendase dhe\nnd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, var\u00ebsisht nga rrethanat dhe mjetet juridike n\u00eb dispozicion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brenda vendit, pakicat\nn\u00eb Serbi mund t\u00eb sfidojn\u00eb kushtetutshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e \u00e7do ligji ose veprimi qeveritar\nq\u00eb kufizojn\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar asociacion me kompetenca\nekzekutive. Ata mund t\u00eb parashtrojn\u00eb sfida t\u00eb tilla para Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese\nt\u00eb Serbis\u00eb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb gjykata m\u00eb e lart\u00eb n\u00eb vend p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje kushtetuese.\nN\u00ebse Gjykata Kushtetuese konstaton se \u00e7do kufizim i till\u00eb shkel Kushtetut\u00ebn e\nSerbis\u00eb, ajo mund t’i shpall\u00eb ato t\u00eb pavlefshme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb aren\u00ebn\nnd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, pakicat potencialisht mund t\u00eb ngren\u00eb nj\u00eb padi kund\u00ebr Serbis\u00eb\npara organeve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut, si Gjykata Evropiane e\nt\u00eb Drejtave t\u00eb Njeriut (GJEDNJ) ose Komiteti i Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb\nDrejtat e Njeriut (UNHRC), n\u00ebse mund t\u00eb argumentojn\u00eb se kufizimet e Serbis\u00eb\nndaj t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb tyre shkelin ligjet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe ligjin p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat\ne njeriut. GJEDNJ dhe UNHRC kan\u00eb juridiksion p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar ankesa individuale\nnga individ\u00eb ose grupe q\u00eb pretendojn\u00eb shkelje t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb njeriut\nnga autoritetet shtet\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Megjithat\u00eb,\nsuksesi i \u00e7do sfide t\u00eb till\u00eb ligjore varet nga rrethanat specifike t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjes\ndhe fuqia e argumenteve ligjore t\u00eb paraqitura. \u00cbsht\u00eb gjithashtu e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme\nt\u00eb theksohet se organet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut kan\u00eb kompetenca\nt\u00eb kufizuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbatuar vendimet e tyre dhe t\u00eb mb\u00ebshteten tek shtetet p\u00ebr\nt\u2019iu p\u00ebrmbajtur vullnetarisht vendimeve t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por n\u00ebse nj\u00eb\nshtet nuk u p\u00ebrmbahet vendimeve nga Gjykatat apo organet p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e\nnjeriut t\u00eb nivelit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet me sanksione dhe restrikcione\nt\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sa i p\u00ebrket\npjes\u00ebs se sa zbatohen k\u00ebto ligje n\u00eb Serbi dhe sa kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejta shqiptar\u00ebt\natje, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull nuk do flasim pasi \u00ebsht\u00eb argumentuar dhe argumentohet\n\u00e7do dit\u00eb duke filluar nga etnocidi administrativ q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb duke b\u00ebr\u00eb Serbia,\nduke ua fshir\u00eb adresat e vendbanimit shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb Serbi, sidomos n\u00eb komunat\nPreshev\u00eb, Medvexh\u00eb dhe Bujanoc. Po ashtu nuk lejohet arsimim i mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb\nshqiptar, libra nga Kosova, diplomat nga Kosova, nuk u lejohet kultivimi i simboleve\ndhe festave komb\u00ebtare, etj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pika (c) po ashtu\njep hap\u00ebsir\u00eb q\u00eb Kosova t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj edhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e saj n\u00eb llogaridh\u00ebnien e\nSerbis\u00eb p\u00ebr krimet e luft\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, mbetet\nt\u00eb shihet se a do n\u00ebnshkruhet marr\u00ebveshja me dat\u00ebn 18 mars n\u00eb Oh\u00ebr!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*autori \u00ebsht\u00eb\ndoktor i marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe histori e diplomacis\u00eb<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Autor: Guraku\u00e7 Ku\u00e7i* Propozimi i Bashkimit Evropian p\u00ebr normalizimin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrmjet Kosov\u00ebs dhe Serbis\u00eb, n\u00ebse n\u00ebnshkruhet m\u00eb 18 mars, do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb e mir\u00eb q\u00eb edhe shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Serbi t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb asociacion t\u00eb komunave me shumic\u00eb shqiptare apo versione t\u00eb ngjashme. N\u00eb nenin 5 t\u00eb draftit shkruhet se: ‘Asnj\u00ebra pal\u00eb nuk…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9920,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9919","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politike"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9919","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9919"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9919\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9921,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9919\/revisions\/9921"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9920"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9919"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9919"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9919"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}