{"id":4003,"date":"2014-02-05T00:57:13","date_gmt":"2014-02-05T00:57:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/?p=4003"},"modified":"2014-02-05T01:01:22","modified_gmt":"2014-02-05T01:01:22","slug":"franz-kafka-nje-mister-letrar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/?p=4003","title":{"rendered":"Franz Kafka, nj\u00eb mister letrar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/Kafka_portrait.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-4004\" title=\"Kafka_portrait\" src=\"http:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/Kafka_portrait-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/Kafka_portrait-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/Kafka_portrait.jpg 711w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a>Kafka shkruante n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, jo leht\u00eb t\u00eb kuptueshme. Lexuesit nuk ishin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur me ambiguitetin e teksteve t\u00eb tij. Por pik\u00ebrisht ky stil specifik i Kafk\u00ebs garanton aktualitetin e tij t\u00eb pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Ja ku shtrihet ai, njeriu i pafuqish\u00ebm. Kurrizi i fort\u00eb si nj\u00eb zhguall. Kur ngre kok\u00ebn sheh barkun e tij t\u00eb fryr\u00eb, t\u00eb murrm\u00eb dhe k\u00ebmb\u00ebt e tij t\u00eb holla, mjerane i shfaqen para syve t\u00eb pafuqishme. A \u00ebsht\u00eb ky trupi i nj\u00eb njeriu? Jo. \u00cbsht\u00eb trupi i nj\u00eb insekti gjigant. Nj\u00eb buburreci t\u00eb p\u00ebshtir\u00eb, i cili mbr\u00ebmjen e kaluar ishte ende njeri. \u201cShnd\u00ebrrimi\u201d quhet historia e Kafk\u00ebs e vitit 1912, rr\u00ebfimi ndoshta m\u00eb i famsh\u00ebm i tij. Nj\u00eb tekst i friksh\u00ebm, shqet\u00ebsues, p\u00ebr c\u00ebnueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e njeriut, pozit\u00ebn e tij t\u00eb pasigurt n\u00eb bot\u00eb, q\u00eb brenda nj\u00eb nate mund ta kthej\u00eb n\u00eb pozicion jasht\u00eb loje n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri.<\/p>\n<p>Por: p\u00ebrse e mb\u00ebshtjell Kafka historin\u00eb e tij me k\u00ebt\u00eb tis misteri? A nuk mund t\u00eb rr\u00ebfente edhe ndryshe? N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb \u201cm\u00eb realiste\u201d, \u201cm\u00eb t\u00eb besueshme\u201d? Disa nga lexuesit e tij i ka trazuar ky karakter misterioz. K\u00ebshtu p.sh. edhe nj\u00eb far\u00eb Dr. Siegfried Wolff, i cili e l\u00ebxoi rr\u00ebfimin menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas publikimit, dhe iu drejtua autorit, Kafk\u00ebs. \u201cShum\u00eb i nderuar zot\u00ebri\u201d, i shkruante ai Kafk\u00ebs, \u201cJu m\u00eb keni b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb palumtur. Un\u00eb bleva \u201cShnd\u00ebrrimin\u201d tuaj dhe ia dhurova kush\u00ebrir\u00ebs sime. Por ajo nuk arrin ta shpjegoj\u00eb historin\u00eb. Kush\u00ebrira ime ia dha mamas\u00eb s\u00eb saj, por as ajo nuk diti ta shpjegoj\u00eb. \u2026 Vet\u00ebm Ju mund t\u00eb m\u00eb ndihmoni. Ju duhet ta b\u00ebni k\u00ebt\u00eb pasi Ju jeni shkaktari i k\u00ebtij shqet\u00ebsimi. Pra Ju lutem m\u00eb thoni se \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb kush\u00ebrira ime nga \u201cShnd\u00ebrrimi\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Forca e tekstit<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrse pra shkruan Kafka kaq err\u00ebt, i v\u00eb personazhet e tij p\u00ebrball\u00eb situatash, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb realitet nuk ekzistojn\u00eb, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn t\u00eb marra fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr fjal\u00eb? Me k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb shkruari Kafka ia v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsoi pun\u00ebn vetes, pasi ajo u b\u00eb penges\u00eb q\u00eb ai t\u00eb p\u00eblqehej si autor nga nj\u00eb publik i gjer\u00eb, gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs q\u00eb jetonte. P\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebtarin Thomas Anz, pran\u00eb Universitetit t\u00eb Marburgut, i cili ka shkruar nj\u00eb studim kompakt mbi vepr\u00ebn dhe jet\u00ebn e Kafk\u00ebs, nuk p\u00ebrjashtohet q\u00eb shkrimtari me an\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit misterioz t\u00eb teksteve t\u00eb tij, riprodhonte n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb formale realitetin e jasht\u00ebm. Kjo vlen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr instancat shtet\u00ebrore, t\u00eb cilat i p\u00ebrshkruan n\u00eb romane si \u201cProcesi\u201d apo n\u00eb form\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb tek tregimi \u201cKolonia e nd\u00ebshkimit\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Sipas Anz mund t\u00eb thuhet se Kafka n\u00eb tekstet e tij, ndodhit\u00eb enigmatike q\u00eb ia atribuon institucioneve si p.sh. gjykatave apo personave t\u00eb respektit, i praktikon nga ana e vet tek lexuesit, duke ua b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb merren me tekstet e tij. \u201cAi pra u prezantohet lexuesve po aq i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb sa burokracia personazheve t\u00eb tij. Ndoshta prapa k\u00ebsaj qendron di\u00e7ka e till\u00eb si pretendimi i vet\u00eb Kafk\u00ebs p\u00ebr pushtet.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tmerri i modernes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb tekstet e Kafk\u00ebs thot\u00eb gjuh\u00ebtari Michael Braun, drejtor i sh\u00ebrbimit t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb n\u00eb fondacionin Kondrad Adenauer, shprehet nervozizmi i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb tij p\u00ebrball\u00eb fenomenit t\u00eb modernizimit. Rritja e qyteteve, mjetet e reja t\u00eb transportit si hekurudha e para s\u00eb gjithash automobili, teknikat e reja t\u00eb prodhimit dhe nj\u00eb aparat shtet\u00ebror n\u00eb rritje \u2013 t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto ishin t\u00eb reja dhe i trazonin njer\u00ebzit. K\u00ebt\u00eb trazim, thot\u00eb Braun, njer\u00ebzit e ndiejn\u00eb edhe sot. \u201cP\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye Kafka pranohet si profet, si dikush q\u00eb i parapriu n\u00eb 1900 realitetit t\u00eb mesit t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb kaluar e t\u00eb m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm, si p.sh. njeriu i kontrolluar nga t\u00eb gjitha an\u00ebt apo njeriu i torturuar. Nga \u2018Kolonia e nd\u00ebshkimit\u2019 mund t\u00eb kalosh direkt tek Guantanamo.\u201d Njeriu nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb asgj\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00ebn moderne. T\u00eb pakt\u00ebn si person ai vlen pak. N\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb e gjitha, pra shoq\u00ebria n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb. Ky besim gjeti shprehje ekstreme n\u00eb l\u00ebvizjet totalitariste t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb 20-t\u00eb: nacionalsocializmi dhe komunizmi. Por edhe pse shtetet e organizuara n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb demokratike e kan\u00eb zbutur disi k\u00ebt\u00eb program t\u00eb rrept\u00eb p.sh. me programe sociale apo kan\u00eb zbutur mjaft sistemin e tyre juridik, ndjenja e pafuqis\u00eb s\u00eb individit, e p\u00ebrshkruar nga Kafka, vazhdon t\u00eb ekzistoj\u00eb ende sot. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb paradoksale edhe shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat njer\u00ebzit g\u00ebzojn\u00eb liri t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, mbartin nj\u00eb lloj tmerri. Fenomeni me t\u00eb cilin \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb vazhdimisht Kafka, i trazon njer\u00ebzit ende sot. \u201cAutoritetet pjes\u00ebrisht shihen si k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuese, e pjes\u00ebrisht vihen n\u00eb loj\u00eb. E gjitha kjo shkakton munges\u00eb orientimi. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb p\u00ebrvoja t\u00eb modernes, q\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb deri sot dhe t\u00eb cilat nj\u00eb autor si Kafka i ka paraqitur n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer dhe ekzemplare.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Forca t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse e ambiguitetit<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr kuptimet e shum\u00ebfishta q\u00eb vezullojn\u00eb n\u00eb tekstet e Kafk\u00ebs, ka edhe nj\u00eb arsye tjet\u00ebr, shpjegon Michael Braun. Ajo gjendet n\u00eb identitetin kompleks t\u00eb Kafk\u00ebs i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb fenomen i modernes. \u201cKafka ishte hebre, Kafka ishte avokat, Kafka ishte shkrimtar. Kafka vinte nga Praga, ai ishte \u00e7ek dhe gjerman. Dhe t\u00eb gjesh n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kompleksitet identitetesh t\u00eb ndryshme at\u00eb Kafk\u00eb q\u00eb flet me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb qarta, do t\u00eb mbetet me sa duket gjithnj\u00eb problem.\u201d Megjithat\u00eb, shton Braun, pik\u00ebrisht ky problem i b\u00ebn t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse tekstet e Kafk\u00ebs: \u201cN\u00ebse ky problem nuk do t\u00eb ekzistonte, \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb na shtynte t\u00eb lexonim Kafk\u00ebn?\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kafka shkruante n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, jo leht\u00eb t\u00eb kuptueshme. Lexuesit nuk ishin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur me ambiguitetin e teksteve t\u00eb tij. Por pik\u00ebrisht ky stil specifik i Kafk\u00ebs garanton aktualitetin e tij t\u00eb pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-letersi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4003"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4003\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4006,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4003\/revisions\/4006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4003"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4003"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}