{"id":101,"date":"2012-03-05T11:06:07","date_gmt":"2012-03-05T11:06:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/?p=101"},"modified":"2012-03-05T11:06:07","modified_gmt":"2012-03-05T11:06:07","slug":"revista-time-pse-enver-hoxha-eshte-trashigimtar-i-stalinit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/?p=101","title":{"rendered":"Revista ” Time”: Pse Enver Hoxha eshte trashigimtar i Stalinit?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ja \u00e7far\u00eb shkruante revista \u201cTime\u201d, nj\u00eb jav\u00eb pas prishjes s\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve Shqip\u00ebri-Rusi
\n<\/strong>
\nSfida ndaj Hrushovit, afrimi me Kin\u00ebn dhe klima politike n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb
\n<\/strong>
\n22 dhjetor, viti 1961 <\/em>
\nDuke akuzuar me zem\u00ebrim se Shqip\u00ebria po mban \u201cme q\u00ebllim marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb r\u00ebnduara me Bashkimin Sovjetik,” jav\u00ebn e kaluar Rusia urdh\u00ebroi ambasadorin e saj n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mbledh\u00eb pla\u00e7kat dhe t\u00eb kthehej n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, ambasadori i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ishte urdh\u00ebruar m\u00eb par\u00eb nga Moska, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb dy vendet shk\u00ebmbyen akuza t\u00eb nd\u00ebrsjellta se u jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjuar ambasadat. Kjo ishte hera e par\u00eb q\u00eb dy vendet e kuqe nd\u00ebrpren\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet diplomatike.
\nPrishja e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve me Bashkimin Sovjetik<\/strong>
\nQ\u00eb nga Kongresi i 22-t\u00eb i Partis\u00eb, kur Hrushovi denoncoi publikisht Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr kund\u00ebrshtimin e saj t\u00eb anti-linj\u00ebs s\u00eb Stalinit, vendi i vog\u00ebl ka qen\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsues midis Mosk\u00ebs dhe Pekinit t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb luftuar me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin. Formalisht duke u prishur me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, Hrushovi \u00ebsht\u00eb duke p\u00ebrhapur lajmin se ai nuk do t\u00eb pajtohet me Pekinin. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb ai \u00ebsht\u00eb duke i detyruar kinez\u00ebt e kuq q\u00eb ose ti vijn\u00eb tek thembra ose t\u00eb zgjerojn\u00eb publikisht ndarjen. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb. Shqip\u00ebria vazhdon t\u00eb sfidoj\u00eb Mosk\u00ebn si enklav\u00eb e fundit e stilit komunist stalinist. Gjetk\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn komuniste, bustet e dikurshme familjare dhe imazhet jan\u00eb zhdukur. Por vizitor\u00ebt e fundit n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, sidomos nj\u00eb grup gazetar\u00ebsh gjerman, gjet\u00ebn ende fotografit\u00eb e vjetra t\u00eb Stalinit n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis shkat\u00ebrrues t\u00eb Ballkanit. N\u00eb kryeqytetin Tirana, sheshi i gj\u00ebr\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbej krenohet me uniformat e bardha t\u00eb tre polic\u00ebve t\u00eb trafikut rrugor, por p\u00ebr ta nuk ka ndonj\u00eb trafik q\u00eb ta drejtojn\u00eb. Shum\u00eb polic\u00eb t\u00eb armatosur r\u00ebnd\u00eb me mitraloz dhe ushtar\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb roje para ministrive dhe ambasadave, n\u00eb cepat e rrug\u00ebs, n\u00eb parqe, para dhe prapa hoteleve. Roje t\u00eb tjera, t\u00eb armatosura me mitraloz\u00eb, ruajn\u00eb rezidencat e zyrtar\u00ebve t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb Kuq p\u00ebr ti mbrojtur ato nga “admiruesit shum\u00eb entuziast\u00eb\u201d.
\nSigurimi i Shtetit<\/strong>
\nP\u00ebrve\u00e7 njer\u00ebzve me uniform\u00eb, Tirana \u00ebsht\u00eb e mbushur edhe me njer\u00ebzit e veshur me rroba civile t\u00eb Sigurimit, policia sekrete e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur p\u00ebr \u201cmetodat e marrjes n\u00eb pyetje” t\u00eb cilat variojn\u00eb nga p\u00ebrdorimi i gjarp\u00ebrinjve helmues n\u00eb nj\u00eb kafaz tek goditja elektrike kur i burgosuri p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb drejtohej apo t\u00eb ulej. Sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara, 80.000 prej 1.700.000 qytetar\u00ebve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb u hodh\u00ebn n\u00eb kampet e p\u00ebrqendrimit n\u00eb mes t\u00eb viteve 1945 dhe 1956, dhe 16.000 prej tyre vdiq\u00ebn atje. Pranver\u00ebn e kaluar, nj\u00eb duzin\u00eb e ushtris\u00eb shqiptare dhe oficer\u00eb t\u00eb marin\u00ebs, u procesuan n\u00eb nj\u00eb sall\u00eb gjyqi t\u00eb improvizuar n\u00eb kineman\u00eb \u201cPartizani\u201d t\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs, si pro komplotist\u00eb sovjetik. Ata u shpall\u00ebn fajtor dhe u pushkatuan nga nj\u00eb skuad\u00ebr pushkatimi. P\u00ebr turist\u00ebt e rastit, Sigurimi dukej m\u00eb shum\u00eb komik se vdekjeprur\u00ebs. Toga t\u00eb t\u00ebra t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb Sigurimit gjurmonin dy e nga dy secilin nga vizitor\u00ebt e huaj. \u00c7do p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb biseduar me nj\u00eb shqiptar rezultonte q\u00eb ai t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihej n\u00eb rrezen e d\u00ebgjimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb agjenti t\u00eb sigurimit. Nj\u00eb turist n\u00eb plazhin e Durr\u00ebsit arriti t\u00eb shmangte edhe hijen e tij duke notuar p\u00ebrtej linjave t\u00eb lejuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar nj\u00eb vajz\u00eb shqiptare me bikini. Vajza, duke shkelur ujin tha: “Un\u00eb do t\u00eb doja t\u00eb kisha nj\u00eb bised\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb me ju, por ju duhet ta dini se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vend kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur.”
\nDiktatura e Enver Hoxh\u00ebs<\/strong>
\nVizitor\u00ebt rrall\u00ebher\u00eb kan\u00eb zbuluar tendenc\u00ebn e ndonj\u00eb shqiptari p\u00ebr t\u00eb kritikuar qeverin\u00eb, apo prapambetjen vendit dhe Sigurimi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja e vetme. Tradicionalisht krenar\u00eb, t\u00eb dyshimt\u00eb ndaj t\u00eb huajve, t\u00eb mbushur me nj\u00eb besnik\u00ebri klanore, shqiptar\u00ebt i p\u00ebrgjigjen ankesave n\u00eb lidhje me vendin e tyre me zem\u00ebrim t\u00eb madh. “Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb rruga,” do t\u00eb belb\u00ebzonte nj\u00eb shqiptar i mes\u00ebm. “Ju duhet vet\u00ebm t\u00eb na kuptoni ne.” Kjo lloj sedre e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb komb\u00ebtare shfaqet vazhdimisht nga bosi i kuq Enver Hoxha, dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb forc\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. Shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb nj\u00eb prirje mesdhetare p\u00ebr fjalime ekstravagante dhe akuzuese, dhe Hoxha \u00ebsht\u00eb i njohur edhe nga armiqt\u00eb e tij si nj\u00eb mjesht\u00ebr i k\u00ebsaj m\u00ebnyre oratorie. I gjat\u00eb dhe i pash\u00ebm, me flok\u00eb t\u00eb trasha, Hoxha t\u00ebrheq duartrokitje t\u00eb stuhishme p\u00ebr fyerjet e tij ndaj Hrushovit. Fotoja e Hoxh\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb suvatuar mbi \u00e7do mur n\u00eb vend. Profili i tij dominon nj\u00ebsit\u00eb monetare t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, leku, dhe n\u00eb mbledhjet e Komitetit Qendror komunist (shumica e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin dhe bosin e kuq n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet lidhjeve t\u00eb gjakut ose martesave) Hoxha flet nga nj\u00eb podium i zbukuruar, me nj\u00eb bust t\u00eb vetvetes nga prapa. Ashtu si vendi i tij, Hoxha \u00ebsht\u00eb plot me surpriza. N\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb injorant, nj\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs i ashp\u00ebr malsor, ai \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ish-m\u00ebsues dhe ishte bir i p\u00ebrk\u00ebdhelur i nj\u00eb tregtari t\u00eb mir\u00eb mysliman. Megjith\u00ebse ai ka mentalitetin e nj\u00eb banditi, sjellje e tij \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e nj\u00eb borgjezi t\u00eb kulturuar dhe reflekton arsimimin e tij n\u00eb universitetet e Franc\u00ebs dhe Belgjik\u00ebs. Gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, Hoxha mori udh\u00ebheqjen e nj\u00eb grupi gueril komunist dhe jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb pastroi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nga pushtuesit italian, por eliminoi edhe guerriljen rivale. Nga 14 an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e Komitetit t\u00eb par\u00eb Qendror, Hoxha \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi q\u00eb ka mbijetuar.
\nPrapambetja e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb <\/strong>
\nRegjimi i tij stalinist ka b\u00ebr\u00eb pak p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e prapambetur t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Pak rrug\u00eb t\u00eb shtruara dhe disa nd\u00ebrtesa t\u00eb m\u00ebdha jan\u00eb relike t\u00eb pushtimit italian. Nuk ka makina private ose autobuz\u00eb; shqiptar\u00ebt udh\u00ebtojn\u00eb nga nj\u00ebri fshati n\u00eb tjetrin me gomar ose n\u00eb kamion\u00eb t\u00eb hapur. Hekurudha \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb 70 km e gjat\u00eb, dhe porti kryesor n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs mund t\u00eb shkarkoj\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb anije. Kontrasti m\u00eb evident \u00ebsht\u00eb midis varf\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb masave dhe luksit grotesk t\u00eb elit\u00ebs komuniste. Nuk ka asnj\u00eb rrug\u00eb t\u00eb mesme midis karroc\u00ebs me gomar t\u00eb fshatarit dhe Mercedesit me shofer. Toka bujq\u00ebsore \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse plot\u00ebsisht e kolektivizuar, dhe shumica e fshatar\u00ebve paguhen praktikisht me nj\u00eb lek dhe nj\u00eb premtim. Tirana ka nj\u00eb transmetues televiziv q\u00eb transmeton n\u00eb nj\u00eb total prej 200 filmash e vendosur nga ana e zyrtar\u00ebve t\u00eb partis\u00eb. Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb kan\u00eb vrima n\u00eb pantallonat e tyre me pjes\u00eb gome t\u00eb vullkanizuar, por n\u00eb \u201cklas\u00ebn e re\u201d burrat veshin kostume t\u00eb tipit italian, dhe vajzat kan\u00eb fustane koktejlesh.
\nLidhjet me Kin\u00ebn<\/strong>
\nTeknik\u00ebt satelitor sovjetik jan\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar nga ekspert\u00ebt e kuq kinez q\u00eb prej prishjes s\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve me Mosk\u00ebn. Kinez\u00ebt merrnin t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat pagat t\u00eb ul\u00ebta si bashk\u00ebmoshatar\u00ebt e tyre shqiptar\u00eb dhe me zell kalonin koh\u00ebn e tyre t\u00eb lir\u00eb duke studiuar gjuh\u00ebn e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb amtare, por shumica e shqiptar\u00ebve ksenofob\u00eb i konsiderojn\u00eb si di\u00e7ka e dal\u00eb nga nj\u00eb kop\u00ebsht zoologjik. Filma kinez shfaqen n\u00eb kinemat\u00eb e shumta t\u00eb hapura (nj\u00eb vizitor komentoi se Shqip\u00ebria ka “filma p\u00ebr k\u00ebmb\u00ebsor\u00ebt”), dhe n\u00eb err\u00ebsir\u00eb student\u00ebt shpesh fishk\u00ebllejn\u00eb me bilbil propagand\u00ebn e r\u00ebnd\u00eb. Shqip\u00ebria ka sfiduar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00ebher\u00eb fqinj\u00ebt gjigant nga Roma, Perandoria Bizantine e deri tek pushtuesit turq. Edhe n\u00ebn komuniz\u00ebm duket se nuk ka humbur asgj\u00eb nga talenti i saj i vjet\u00ebr. Por, n\u00ebse Enver Hoxha do t\u2019ia hedh\u00eb apo ajo, kjo nuk varet prej atij, por mbi vendimet q\u00eb merren n\u00eb Kin\u00ebn e Kuqe t\u00eb larg\u00ebt. Pra \u00e7\u00ebshtja nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebnshtrimi i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb tek Hrushovi, por tek Pekini. P\u00ebr momentin, Hoxha vazhdon t\u00eb denoncoj\u00eb Hrushovin si nj\u00eb tradhtar t\u00eb marksizmit, nd\u00ebrsa Pekini i Kuq shpalli se: “Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb si nj\u00eb gjigante n\u00eb pararoj\u00ebn e kampit socialist t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Jugper\u00ebndimore.”<\/p>\n

Detaje <\/strong><\/p>\n

Sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara, 80.000 prej 1.700.000 qytetar\u00ebve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb u hodh\u00ebn n\u00eb kampet e p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrimit n\u00eb mes t\u00eb viteve 1945 dhe 1956, dhe 16.000 prej tyre vdiq\u00ebn atje. Pranver\u00ebn e kaluar, nj\u00eb duzin\u00eb e ushtris\u00eb shqiptare dhe oficer\u00eb t\u00eb marin\u00ebs, u procesuan n\u00eb nj\u00eb sall\u00eb gjyqi t\u00eb improvizuar n\u00eb kineman\u00eb Partizani t\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs, si pro komplotist\u00eb sovjetik.Por vizitor\u00ebt e fundit n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, sidomos nj\u00eb grup gazetar\u00ebsh gjerman, gjet\u00ebn ende fotografit\u00eb e vjetra t\u00eb Stalinit n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis shkat\u00ebrrues t\u00eb Ballkanit. N\u00eb kryeqytetin Tirana, sheshi i gjer\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbej krenohet me uniformat e bardha t\u00eb tre polic\u00ebve t\u00eb trafikut rrugor, por p\u00ebr ta nuk ka ndonj\u00eb trafik q\u00eb ta drejtojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ja \u00e7far\u00eb shkruante revista \u201cTime\u201d, nj\u00eb jav\u00eb pas prishjes s\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve Shqip\u00ebri-Rusi Sfida ndaj Hrushovit, afrimi me Kin\u00ebn dhe klima politike n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb 22 dhjetor, viti 1961 Duke akuzuar me zem\u00ebrim se Shqip\u00ebria po mban \u201cme q\u00ebllim marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb r\u00ebnduara me Bashkimin Sovjetik,” jav\u00ebn e kaluar Rusia urdh\u00ebroi ambasadorin e saj n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb q\u00eb…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publicistike"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=101"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":103,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101\/revisions\/103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistakuvendi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}